Canker sores, also known as aphthous ulcers, are small, painful lesions that commonly appear inside the mouth, including on the gums. While canker sores are generally harmless and heal on their own, they can have a notable impact on gum health if they become recurrent or improperly managed. At McLevin Dental Clinic, we aim to help patients understand the causes of canker sores, how they affect gum health, and the best ways to treat and prevent them.
What Are Canker Sores?
Canker sores are shallow ulcers with a white or yellowish center and a red border. Unlike cold sores, they do not appear on the lips and are not contagious. These ulcers often cause discomfort, especially when eating, drinking, or speaking.
How Can Canker Sores Affect Your Gum Health?
Though canker sores typically heal within 1 to 2 weeks without scarring, their presence on the gums can contribute to:
Inflammation and Irritation: The sores can cause localized inflammation, making the gums tender and sensitive.
Difficulty Maintaining Oral Hygiene: Pain from the sores may discourage regular brushing and flossing, increasing the risk of plaque buildup and gum disease.
Secondary Infections: Open sores can sometimes allow bacteria to enter the gum tissue, leading to infections that worsen gum health.
Delayed Healing: Recurrent or large canker sores may cause prolonged irritation, preventing the gums from fully healing.
Causes and Triggers of Canker Sores on Gums
The exact cause of canker sores remains unclear, but several factors are believed to trigger their development:
Minor Trauma: Accidental biting, aggressive brushing, or irritation from dental appliances like braces.
Stress and Hormonal Changes: Emotional stress and hormonal fluctuations can contribute to outbreaks.
Nutritional Deficiencies: Lack of essential vitamins, such as B12, folate, and iron.
Food Sensitivities: Acidic, spicy, or abrasive foods can irritate the gums.
Underlying Medical Conditions: Immune system disorders and gastrointestinal diseases like Crohns disease.
How To Manage and Treat Canker Sores on Gums
While most canker sores heal without treatment, several strategies can help reduce pain, promote healing, and protect gum health:
At-Home Care
Rinse with warm salt water or mild antiseptic mouthwash to reduce bacteria and soothe inflammation.
Avoid spicy, acidic, or abrasive foods that can aggravate sores.
Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and brush gently around the affected area.
Apply over-the-counter topical gels or ointments designed for mouth ulcers to reduce pain and inflammation.
Professional Dental Care
If canker sores are large, persistent, or frequently recurring, visiting McLevin Dental Clinic is recommended. Our dentists can:
Diagnose and rule out other serious conditions that mimic canker sores.
Prescribe medicated mouth rinses, corticosteroid ointments, or oral medications to reduce pain and inflammation.
Provide guidance on managing underlying causes such as nutritional deficiencies or oral habits.
Check for and adjust dental appliances that may be causing trauma to gums.
Preventing Canker Sores to Protect Gum Health
Prevention focuses on minimizing triggers and maintaining excellent oral hygiene:
Avoid foods known to cause irritation.
Practice stress management techniques like meditation or exercise.
Ensure a balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals.
Maintain gentle but thorough oral hygiene habits.
Schedule regular dental checkups to monitor gum health and address any issues early.
When To Seek Help
If canker sores are accompanied by high fever, difficulty swallowing, or last longer than two weeks, seek dental or medical care immediately. Persistent sores may require further investigation to rule out infections or systemic illnesses.
Final Thoughts
Canker sores, though common and usually benign, can affect gum health by causing irritation, pain, and increasing susceptibility to infection. At McLevin Dental Clinic, we emphasize early care and prevention strategies to help you maintain healthy gums and a comfortable mouth. If you experience frequent or painful canker sores on your gums, reach out to our team for expert advice and treatment tailored to your needs.