Gum hyperplasia, also known as gingival overgrowth, is a condition characterized by an abnormal increase in gum tissue size. This can cause discomfort, affect oral hygiene, and alter the appearance of your smile. At McLevin Dental Clinic, we help patients understand the causes and treatment options for gum hyperplasia to restore healthy gums and improve oral function.
What Is Gum Hyperplasia?
Gum hyperplasia involves the excessive growth of gum tissue, leading to swollen, enlarged gums that may cover part of the teeth. This condition can range from mild thickening to severe overgrowth causing significant dental issues.
Common Causes of Gum Hyperplasia
1. Medications
Certain medications are known to cause gum overgrowth as a side effect, including:
Anticonvulsants like phenytoin
Immunosuppressants such as cyclosporine
Calcium channel blockers used for high blood pressure like nifedipine
2. Poor Oral Hygiene
Plaque and tartar accumulation can irritate gums, causing inflammation and reactive overgrowth. This is the most common cause of gum hyperplasia.
3. Hormonal Changes
Hormonal fluctuations during pregnancy, puberty, or hormone therapy can make gums more susceptible to swelling and overgrowth.
4. Systemic Conditions
Certain systemic diseases, such as leukemia, can cause gum enlargement as part of their symptoms.
5. Genetic Factors
In rare cases, gum hyperplasia may be hereditary.
Symptoms to Recognize Gum Hyperplasia
Enlarged, swollen, or puffy gums
Gums that bleed easily during brushing or flossing
Difficulty cleaning teeth properly due to overgrown tissue
Changes in bite or teeth positioning
Possible bad breath caused by trapped food and bacteria
Treatment Options at McLevin Dental Clinic
The treatment for gum hyperplasia depends on its cause and severity:
1. Improved Oral Hygiene
For cases caused by plaque buildup, professional dental cleaning combined with rigorous home care can reduce inflammation and gum size.
2. Medication Review
If your gum hyperplasia is drug-induced, your dentist may liaise with your physician to adjust medications where possible.
3. Surgical Removal
In persistent or severe cases, a gingivectomy or gum contouring procedure may be recommended to remove excess gum tissue and restore normal gum shape.
4. Laser Therapy
Laser treatments can precisely remove overgrown gums with minimal discomfort and faster healing times.
Preventing Gum Hyperplasia
Maintain consistent and effective oral hygiene practices
Attend regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings
Inform your dentist about any medications you are taking
Manage systemic health conditions carefully
Why Prompt Treatment Matters
Untreated gum hyperplasia can lead to increased risk of periodontal disease, tooth decay, and difficulties with chewing and speaking. Additionally, overgrown gums can affect self-confidence due to aesthetic concerns.
Final Thoughts
Gum hyperplasia is a manageable condition when identified early and treated properly. If you notice swollen or overgrown gums, schedule a consultation at McLevin Dental Clinic. Our dental team offers expert diagnosis and customized treatment plans to restore your gum health and enhance your smile.
By combining professional care with good oral hygiene, you can prevent complications and enjoy healthy, comfortable gums.